Study of OLEDs with Periodic-multiple-emitting-layer Structure and the Luminescent Characteristics of Terbium Complexes

Study of OLEDs with Periodic-multiple-emitting-layer Structure and the Luminescent Characteristics of Terbium Complexes
　　Appropriate device structures and material are help to improve the performance of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). The paper is mainly focused on a new periodic-multiple-emitting-layer (PMEL) structure and a new terbium complex. The important results in this paper are listed as following:1、 OLEDs with periodic-multiple-emitting-layer structuresTwo series of OLEDs based on PMEL structures had been fabricated. One consists of alternating layer of Alq3 and PBD, the Ball Neodymium Magnets other consists of alternating layer of NPB and BCP. The highest brightness and efficiency of the green and blue devices with two periodic multiple emitting layers were 10.5 and 4.4 times, 2.75 and 1.45 times than that of conventional green and blue devices without the PMEL structures, respectively. The improvement in the performance of devices was attributed to the improved electrons and holes balance in the emitting layers. At the same time, the number of periodic layers influences the performance of devices.2、
　　A new terbium complexA new rare earth complex TbGd(BA)6(bipy)2 was doped into poly N-vinylcarbazole (PVK). The luminescent characteristics of the blend film of PVK and TbGd(BA)6(bipy)2 with different mass ratios were studied. The photoluminescence of terbium complex rooted in both exterior excitated directly and energy transferred from PVK to terbium complex. However, there were two means to produce the electroluminescence of terbium complex: one was by energy transfer from PVK to terbium complex; the other was by direct charge trapping on http://www.chinamagnets.biz/  terbium complex. In multi-layer devices, carrier composite region was restricted at the interface of emitting layer and holes blocking layer due to high HOMO level of BCP. Enhancing electric field, emission from terbium complex was getting saturation gradually and weak emission from PVK was observed. From the optimized multi-layer device, green emission from terbium complex had been obtained with the highest EL brightness of the device of 213cd/m2.

Sedimentary Characteristics and Provenance of the Mud Sediments in the Zhoushan Area of the East China Sea

Sedimentary Characteristics and Provenance of the Mud Sediments in the Zhoushan Area of the East China Sea
　　The sedimentary characteristics, composition and provenance of mud sediments in the Zhoushan area of the East China Sea were analyzed in this paper. The composition and distribution of the grain size, minerals and elements for surface sediments were investigated. Based on the result, the hydrodynamic force, sediments distribution and the sources of the sediments were analyzed. Based on the distribution of grain size, minerals and elements for Core ZSC-7 sediments, the sedimentary records, environment indications and sources were investigated.Grain size analysis of the surface samples from the study area was carried out using the laser grain size analyzer. According to Folk’s Block neodymium magnet classification(1970), sediments in the area could be divided into silt, sandy silt, sand and locally sandy gravel in this area, with silt as the major. The sandy sediments from islands in the west of this area mainly derived from near source. The mud sediments in the east of this area derived from Yangtze River is transported with suspension by the East China Sea coastal current.
　　Clastic minerals of the study area are quartz-feldspar-hornblende-epidote- flaky mineral-metallic mineral group, which indicated that the sediments derived from rivers and near source. The geochemical characteristics of the surface sediments show that elements aboundance is obviously controlled by grain size. The concentrations of many elements in fine-grained sediments is great higher than those in coarse-grained, with a wide range of variations. According to the distribution of elements, the sediments of the study area are mainly composed of terrigenous composition, such as SiO2, TiO2, and biogenic compositions, such as CaO、CaCO3. The biogenic sediments dilute the terrigenous sediments. The elements, such as Fe2O3、FeO and MgO, rich in the east of the study area, where is influenced by the East China Sea Coastal Current and Taiwan Warm Current. Some elements, such as Al、K、Co、Cr、Ni、Zn、Zr,mainly hosted in the fine-grained sediments, rich in the east of the study area. The normalized Rare Earth Elements (REE) patterns (Chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns and NASC-normalized REE distribution patterns) of the mud surface sediments of the study area are similar to the sediments derived from the Yangtze River, which shows that the surface sediments mainly derived from the Yangtze River. The normalized Rare Earth Elements (REE) patterns of the coarse-grained sediments http://www.chinamagnets.biz/ shows that the sediments are influenced by the sediments derived from near source instead of the sediments derived from Yangtze River and Yellow River.The sedimentary environment of core ZSC-14 and ZSC-99 was discussed, which are located in the north and south of the study area respectively.
　　The grain size compositions sensitive to the sedimentary environment were taken by the analysis of grain size grade vs. standard deviation. All above analyses show that the mud sediments derived from the Yangtze River is transported with suspension by the East China Sea coastal current. The analysis of major elements and trace elements in core ZSC-7 indicated that the concentrations of the most elements including Al、K、Mg、Cr、Co、Ni etc. minished when grain size largen. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns exhibit that LREE are great richer than HREE in the sediments of core ZSC-7, and there is remarkable minus-abnormity of Eu, representing typical terrigenous components. In total, the REE characteristics and normalized REE patterns of the sediments in core ZSC-7 are very close to the sediments derived from the Yangtze River, obviously inclining to terrigenous aggradation.The core ZSC-7 registered the sediment evolvement process in the certain history period. The clay Block neodymium magnet  minerals, major elements, trace elements and Rare Earth Elements (REE) of the mud in the study area are analyzed. The results show that they are similar to those of the Yangtze River. Based on above studies, and combing with the correlation analysis of different elements, DF function and the clustering analysis of trace elements, the author concluded that the sediments of core ZSC-7 in the mud area mainly derived from the Yangtze River.

The Research on Gas Flow in Catalytic Conversion in Motorcycle and the Optimization of Its Structure Based on Nanometer Reducer

The Research on Gas Flow in Catalytic Conversion in Motorcycle and the Optimization of Its Structure Based on Nanometer Reducer
　　In recent years the volume of motorcycle possess has increased quickly with rapid development of motorcycle industry in our country. The pollution of the emission of motorcycle has received more and more concern from the society. The limits of control emission have become more and more strict. At present, there are many methods to purify the exhaust gas, for example, the improvement of carburetor structure, the adoption of electricity fuel injection system, catalytic converter rare earth magnets technology, electric-motorcycle. The catalytic converter technology is the main measure to purify the exhaust gas. The precious metal three way catalyst that is composed of Pt, Pd and Rh has very high efficiency to transform the poisonous gas of CO, CH and NOx.
　　But the precious metal is short and precious, so they are not suitable for the inexpensive motorcycles.At the same time, many reports show that the rare-earth metal is extremely lively and its catalytic effect is good with low cost.With rare-earth oxide compound and Mn(NO3)2 used as raw material, nanometer rare-earth compound catalyst was prepared by sol-gel and vacuum drying technology and experiments shew that its catalytic activity was good. The catalytic effect was not only related with the ingredient of catalyst but also related with the http://www.chinamagnets.biz/ inner flowing instance. So the article used the CFD software FLUENT to analyze the inner flowing instance of the WuYang 125 style exhaust pipe Then the best install place was confirmed.The simulation of catalytic converter shew that the cone angle and the length of the ceramic carrier’s front and behind cavity could effect the catalyzed transformation.The structure was optimized by changing the cone angle and the length of the ceramic carrier’s front and behind cavity.

Study the Modulation of Energy Gap for Rare Earth Doped ZnO by Theory and Experiment

Study the Modulation of Energy Gap for Rare Earth Doped ZnO by Theory and Experiment
　　As a kind of wide band-gap semiconductor, nano-structured ZnOshow novel properties, which make ZnO a kind of promising materialwidely used in photoelectric devise, catalysis, rubber, ceramic andmake-up industry, and received more and more intensive interests. It isthe key problem for the doping in ZnO for fully using its shape、energylevels and novel properties in recent years, it will be significative to studythe modulation of energy gap and improve properties by doping rare earth,which is a special dopant.In this paper, ZnO and La3+ doped ZnO crystals with different La3+doped concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 4.0%,5.0%) were prepared by solventthermal method. The influence ofimpurities on the crystal structure and optical property were investigated.
　　There were no new peaks in the doped-crystal X ray diffraction patterns,but the intensity and the position of peak are different from pure one, sothe doped ions altered the lattice parameters and maked the lattice volume increase. At the same time, XRD results also show that the diffractionpeak widened and intensity decreased with the increase of rare Alnico magnets earthconcentrations in the ZnO. nanocrystals which means that the size of theZnO nanocrystals decreased. So the doping of rare earth ions can holdback the growth of ZnO nanocrystals. Ultraviolet-Visiable diffusereflenctance spectrum revealed: La3+ doped make the absorption edgeshift to the shorter wavelength, and broaden the energy gap, and energygap get more and more big with the increase of rare earth concentrationsin the ZnO until up to 2.0%. The characteristic photoluminescence ofZnO was observed in La3+ doped ZnO nanocrystals. Strong yellow andred photoluminescence was observed in 2.0%La3+ doped ZnOnanocrystals by irradiated with light belong to 403 and 447nm, So we cansee the doping La3+ ions can affect the visible photoluminescence of ZnOnanocrystals. We also test the photocatalyst activity of ZnO and La3+doped ZnO, our sample have strong photocatalyst activity forphotodegrated methylene blue, and the photodegradation is mostcompletely by ZnO with 2.0%La3+ doped.At the same time, the plane-wave pseudopotential method of DensityFunctional Theory is used to study the energy band structure, thedensities of states and electronic properties of pure ZnO and La dopedZnO crystals, http://www.999magnet.com/    Compared with the analysis result, research theirconnectivity. Calculation results showed that those impurities influnced the energy band structure, the densities of states and electronic propertiesof pure ZnO crystal. And we can know from the calculation result that theenergy gap was broadened after La3+ doped in ZnO crystal, the result issame to the experiment data.

Biochemical Effect of Exogenous Rare Earth Eu～(3+) in Lathyrus Sativus L Seedlings Exposed to Drought Stress

Biochemical Effect of Exogenous Rare Earth Eu～(3+) in Lathyrus Sativus L Seedlings Exposed to Drought Stress
　　Non-hydraulic root-sourced signal was a new concept supposed by scientists to distinguish with hydraulic root-sourced signal. It is mainly about: in the early time of dought stress, plant root system could perceive the signal of dought and synthesize a chemical substance (generally, it is supposed to be ABA), which could depress the conduct of stoma, reduce the transpiration and prevent the water loss of leaf. For this action of root-shoot communication was occured before the leaf water potential change markedly and wasn’t caused by the hydraulic signal, so we call it non-hydraulic root-sourced signal. Many experiments proved that: as a thulium, europium has physiological action. Appropriate europium could change development and growth of plant, increased the biomass, especially it had notables effects on enhancing the ability of plant stress resistant.In this consideration, the investigation was conducted (Lathyrus sativus was arranged as our experimental plant) to study the effect of europium ions in double drought stress patterns on the threshold of non-hydraulic root-sourced Block Neodymium magnets signal (from non-hydraulic root-sourced signal appeared to the hydraulic signal appeared), ABA, proline and WUE.Six regimes were set as: 1 control (CK), 2 natural drought stress (ND),3 PEG simulative drought stress (PEG), 4 control irrigated with EU~3+ (Eu~3+—CK), 5 natural drought stress irrigated with Eu~3+ (Eu~3+—ND), 6 PEG simulative drought stress irrigated with Eu~3+(Eu~3+—PEG )。
　　The results showed that:1, Non-hydraulic root-sourced signal of Lathyrus sativus (RS of L.S) appeared at when the soil water potential was—0.51MPa, disappeared (hydraulic signal appeared) at—1.12MPa in regime 2; appeared at—0.48MPa, disappeared at—1.07 MPa in regime 3; appeared at—0.47MPa, disappeared at—1.33 MPa in regime 5; appeared at—0.53MPa, disappeared at—1.39 MPa in regime 6. Eu~3+ had no effect on the non-hydraulic root-sourced signal appeared; but it could delay dramatically the appearance of the hydraulic signal.2, with the drought stress, ABA content in leaves increased remarkably when non-hydraulic root-sourced signal appeared and decreased tardily later but is steady in water supply adequately. Eu~3+ promoted ABA content increased early but in a undersized level. Normally, the peak value appeared in the http://www.999magnet.com/ middle of threshold of non-hydraulic root-sourced signal.3, with the drought stress, proline content increased remarkably at the beginning and placidly in the evening. The growth process usually happened in threshold of non-hydraulic root-sourced signal. 4, WUE is steady in water supply adequately. But in drought stress, it increased remarkably at the beginning and decreased in the evening. Eu~3+ would increase water use efficiency (WUE).5, Drought stress depressed aboveground biomass but promoted underground biomass. Eu~3+ promoted the aboveground biomass in drought stress but had no effect in water supply adequately. On the contrary, it depressed underground biomass, in other words, it depressed ratios of root and shoot of Lathyrus safivus.

Preparation and Mechanical Properties on Mg-11Li-3Al-xCe Alloys

Preparation and Mechanical Properties on Mg-11Li-3Al-xCe Alloys
　　The application for Mg-Li alloys in the aircraft, electronics and communication industries has been expanding at a high rate due to their low density, high strength-to-weigh, rigidity-to-weigh ratio, good damping capacity and good electromagnetic shielding properties. However their commercial application has been limited because of low strength and poor corrosion resistance. In this thesis, Adding Ce to a Mg-Li-Al magnesium alloy which is the most widely used in http://www.999magnet.com/ industry of the Mg-Li-Al magnesium, the effects of Ce addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties was studied.The influence of Ce on the as-cast microstructure of a Mg-11Li-3Al alloy was investigated by optical microscope(OM)、scanning electron microscope(SEM)、and X-ray diffraction(XRD), et al.
　　The mechanical properties and microstructure of a Mg-11Li-3Al alloy with Ce addition processed by rolling and extrusion are investigated as well. The results show that rare earth changed the morphology ofβphase grain and the new phase Al2Ce was found. In addition, the as-cast alloy with 1wt% Ce shows the best mechanical properties with the highest strength Special shape NdFeB magnets and a relative good elongation. The mechanism and technique of grain refine of minor rare earth in Mg-11Li-3Al system alloy after rolling and extrusion are investigated. The mechanism of grain refinement of rare earth on Mg Al alloy after extrusion is the dynamic recrystallization effect which makes the tensile strength of Mg-11Li-3Al alloy increase greatly.The relationship between microstructure, the content of Ce and the mechanical performance was discussed. The results showed that mechanical properties of the Mg-11Li-3Al alloys had been improved by the addition of Ce. This could be attributed to grain refinement and the homogeneous distribution of Al2Ce phase. The amount and distribution of the Al2Ce phase has great effect on mechanical properties, adding too much Ce could decrease the amount of the Al element inβphase and caused the agglomeration of Al2Ce, which reduce the mechanical properties of Mg-11Li-3Al. On the contrary, minor content of Ce can both improve mechanical properties at room and high temperature.

The Studies on the Assembly of Mesoporous Material MCM-41

The Studies on the Assembly of Mesoporous Material MCM-41
　　There are three parts in the dissertation: MCM-41 mesoporous material and semiconductor assembly, MCM-41 and fluorescence dye Eosin Y assembly, and MCM-41 and rare earth complex assembly.1. Mesoporous material MCM-41 were prepared at room temperature, then semiconductors CdS and rare earth ion Eu were assembled in the channel of MCM-41. The influences of structures and properties were discussed.2. Fluorescence dye Eosin Y and rare Alnico magnets earth ion Eu were assembled in the channel of MCM-41. The samples were characterized by many measurements. The structures and properties of samples were studied.3. Mesoporous material MCM-41 were prepared with TMB and alkyled with APTES, and rare earth fluorescence complex Eu- (BA)3- Phen were assembled in the channel of MCM-41. Structures and properties of the samples were http://www.999magnet.com/ characterized and analyzed.

Synthesis and Upconversion Luminescence Properties of Rare-earth Doped TiO2 Nanocrystal

Synthesis and Upconversion Luminescence Properties of Rare-earth Doped TiO2 Nanocrystal
　　Nano-sized upconversion luminescence material has enormous potential application in many new areas, large values of explotation and application not only because it has unique physical and chemical properties that are different from those of bulk materials unique luminescence properties of upconversion. Therefore, the research of experiment and theory of nano-sized upconversion luminescence materials has become one of the hotspots in the research fields of advanced materials nowadays. This paper mainly researched on the synthesis and luminescence property of TiO2:Yb3+, Magnetic lifter Er3+ and Li+ doped TiO2:Yb3+, Ho3+ nano-crystal. The main contents are as following:1. TiO2:Yb3+, Er3+ nano-sized up-conversion phosphors were prepared by hydrolysis- precipitation method. The green (526nm, 547nm) and red (659nm) emission have been observed under the excitation of 980nm LD.
　　The influences of Er3+ concentration and heat-treat temperature on upconversion luminescence are discussed. The upconversion luminescence intensities dependence on pump power confirmed that both green and red emission are two-photon absorption processes. The red and green emission gradually increase with the increase of pump power. However, relative intensity ratio of red emission and green emission gradually decreases with the increase of pump power.2. The Li+ doped TiO2: Yb3+, Ho3+ nano-sized upconversion phosphors were prepared by hydrolysis-precipitation method. The influences of Yb3+, Ho3+, Li+ doping concentration and heat-treat temperature http://www.999magnet.com/ on luminescence are discussed. Furthermore, the influences of Li+ doping on structure, morphology and up-conversion luminescence property of nano-particles are investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electronic microscope (TEM) and photoluminescence spectra (PL). The analyzed results indicate that Li+ doping increases the particle size, makes the morphology better with ellipsoidal shape and enhances the crystallization remarkably. Particularly, the up-conversion luminescence intensity is enhanced remarkably after Li+

The Design and Assembly of Molecular-Based and Layered Lanthanide Silicate Hybrid Luminescent Materials

The Design and Assembly of Molecular-Based and Layered Lanthanide Silicate Hybrid Luminescent Materials
　　The study concentrates on the syntheses of organic-inorganic molecular-based hybrid material with the two components equipped with covalent bonds. The organic components，which can sensitize rare earth ions fluorescence were modified by coupling agents and then the organic monomers with double reactivity were obtained. The modified functional ligand further behaves as a bridge both coordinates to rare earth ion and occurs a in-situ sol-gel process with matrix precursor, resulting a novel molecular hybrid material. With two routes: the modification of carboxyl and hydroxyl, the PHA-Eu hybrid material and PEG-Ln polymeric/inorganic hybrid system were obtained, respectively. The experiment results shows that there exists a strong chemical bond between the inorganic phase and the organic phase, no evident interface in the final materials was found.
　　The final materials exhibit excellent luminescent Neodymium Magnets properties. Sol-gel technology is the one of the most versatile methods for the preparation of inorganic-organic hybrid materials for its low processing temperature and the preparation of hybrid system through this method exhibit innovation of this study.As we all know, layered like materials have good physical properties, and recently, there are more and more interests in this type of materials, for it could be used in many fields such as ions exchange、 conduction、 catalysis and so on. So, in our study, We used 3-methancryloxy propyl trimethoxysilane 、 3-choropropyl trimethoxysilane 、 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane and so on. Through hydrothermal and sol-gel methods, we got a series of Eu、 Tb layered like hybrid materials with good luminescent properties. The experimental result shows that the resulting http://www.999magnet.com/ hybrids possess the homogeneous micromorphology without phase separation phenomena and the materials exhibit high performed luminescent.

Research on Influence of Rare Earth Addition and Solid Solution Treatment

Research on Influence of Rare Earth Addition and Solid Solution Treatment to the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AM60 Magnesium Alloy
　　In order to save materials and energy, the study and development on lightcastings has been an important research filed and developing direction. As thelightest metal structure materials, magnesium alloy has low density, high specificstrength and specific stiffness、good damping characteristic、excellent machinenobility and cast ability、etc. So more and more magnesium alloy products havebeen used in automobile、communication and aerospace industries. However, thefurther development and commercial application of magnesium alloys have beenlimited because of its low elastic modulus, poor tensile strength and creep resistingespecially at elevated temperature, as well as low wear resistance etc.
　　Despite ofthe increasingly ingoing application of magnesium alloys and growing interest inmagnesium alloys, Because AM60 alloy is one of the most popular applicativemagnesium alloy, Although it has good toughness, it has poor tensile properties,specially rare earth magnets used at elevated temperature. Common alloys are generally unsuitable foruse above 120℃, the higher temperature properties can’t meet the requirements ofmany automobile applications, which limit its applications. so in the present work,we put light on the effect of RE addition in magnesium alloy about alloy’sproperties at room temperature.In the present work, as-cast magnesium alloys AM60 with RE addition wereprepared. The effect of RE content and heat treatment on the microstructure andtensile properties at room of AM60 alloys, are studied, which will offer sometheoretical foundations for expanding applications of magnesium alloys.RE are important alloying element to magnesium alloys. With additions of RE,the microstructure of as-cast magnesium alloys AM60 alloy were refined obviously.A rod-like inter metallic phase_Al11Nd3 phase was observed and the volume of theβ -phase(Mg17Al12) somewhat decreased. More RE addition caused furtherdeceasing of theβ-phase and coarsening of Al11RE3.RE improved hardness and tensile properties of AM60 alloys. As cast,hardness of the magnesium alloys AM60 had different extent and tensile propertiesincreased with increasing of Nd contents at room temperature.
　　The ultimate tensilestrength, yield strength and elongation of alloys with 1.5wt% addition of REreached a high value, and then decreased with more RE additions. That’s all causedby the wafer skilled、the second phase reference and the increase on volume andquantity rare earth magnets of the new phase_ Al11Nd3.The influence to mechanical properties of as casting AM60, and AM60+xNdalloys are studied under various elevated temperatures. The results show that themechanical properties of as casting AM60 and AM60+xNd are improvedsignificantly at elevated temperature because of the higher melting point and thethermal stability of rod-like inter metallic phase_Al11Nd3 phase. The β-Mg17Al12phase has melted into base α-Mg, so the critical stress σc of the Frieda equation iscalculated and compared in the investigated as casting alloys under the differenttemperature. The σc of as casting AM60+xNd alloy is higher than that of AM60alloy at the same temperature. This represents that http://www.chinamagnets.biz/ the moving of dislocations inAM60+xNd alloy is more difficult than in AM60 alloy.Form of fracture of as casting magnesium AM60 is quasi-cleavage at roomtemperature. Fracture of alloys have characters of tearing ridge and dimples withRE addition, and has more dimples with elevated temperature. Under the elevatedtemperature, cleavage surfaced disappeared and dimples can be seen in AM60alloys with RE, showing ductile fracture.

Preparation and Characterization of Rare Earth Compounds Nanofibers Via an Electrospinning Technique

Preparation and Characterization of Rare Earth Compounds Nanofibers Via an Electrospinning Technique
　　As a member of nanomaterials, nanofiber has become a hot studied subject in the field of nano-technology due to its superior optical, acoustic, electrical, magnetic, thermal and mechanical properties. Rare-earth oxide, doped rare-earth oxide and rare-earth perovskite composite oxide are used in many high-tech fields. Preparation, properties and applications of these compounds have become an important research field.In this dissertation, sol-gel method was applied to prepare the precursor solution with a viscosity and electrospinning technique was used to fabricate PVP/Ce(NO3)3, PVP/[Y(NO3)3+Eu(NO3)3], PVP/[La(NO3)3+Fe(NO3)3] and PVP/[La(NO3)3+Co(CH3COO)2] composite microfibers. CeO2, Y2O3:Eu3+, LaFeO3 and LaCoO3 nanofibers were obtained by calcinations of the above composite microfibers.The morphology of fibers were discussed neodymium rare earth magnets by adjusting all the important parameters such as concentration of PVP, voltage, distance between tip and collector, the mass of metallic salts added to the sol.
　　As a result, 46wt% is the best PVP concentration. With the increasing in the concentration of PVP, the diameter of composite fibers increased and the morphology changed from nonuniformity containing beads to regularity and then uniformity; 18kV is the best voltage. With the increasing of the voltage, the diameter of composite fibers first decreased and then increased, and the ratio value of long axis to short axis increased and then decreased; 20cm is the best distance between tip and collector. Increasing in the distance, the electrostatic field intensity was decreased and the diameter of the fibers increased and become uniform; 10wt% is the best metallic salts concentration. The addition of metallic salts added to the sol strengthened the electrostatic field intensity and made the diameter of composite fibers decrease. The metallic salts increased the surface tension and resulted in the appearance neodymium rare earth magnets of beads.The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG-DTA), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and so on. All the results show

The Geological Genesis and Tectonic Significances of the Heilongjiang Complex Belt

The Geological Genesis and Tectonic Significances of the Heilongjiang Complex Belt
　　There distribute Songnen terrane, Jiamusi terrane and Wandashan terranefrom west to east in Jiamusi area locating on the east segment of Xingmengorogenic belt. The study on the amalgamation between the terranes is always thefocused problem and hot point, and made certain progresses on it, but there is astrong dispute on the era and the mechanism of the amalgamation between Jiamusiterrane and Songnen terrane. The Heilongjiang complexes belt occurring on thewest margin of the Jiamusi terrane provides a good opportunity for the study ofabove geological problems.Heilongjiang complexes belt that we speak of is the tectonic complexes beltoccurring on the west margin of the Jiamusi terrane, and extendsNorthsouth-direction like a belt shape along Mudanjiang river, strong magnets occurs inMudanjiang, Yilan and Luobei etc areas in Heilongjiang province, correspondingto the Heilongjiang Group or Heilongjiang tectonic complexes. The Heilongjiangcomplexes result from the subduction and amalgamation of the Jiamusi terrane,and represents the suture between Jiamusi terrane and Songnen terrane. Therefore,we make our mind to research the complexes. Although many geologists had madesome research on the complexes, in generally speaking, the research on thecomplexes is not enough, there are still many fundamental geological problems,the main geological problems follow: 1.the field geological characteristics, outcropplaces and typical amalgamation marks of the Heilongjiang complexes. 2. theprotolith association and protolith ages of the Heilongjiang complexes. 3. theformation era of the Heilongjiang complexes.
　　On the basis of summarizing predecessors` information, we survey carefullyHeilongjiang complexes belt, and found that Mudanjiang area, Yilan area andLuobei area etc are the main occurrence locations of the Heilongjiang complexes.The rocks constituting the strong magnets Heilongjiang complexes develop commonly ductiledeformation fabrics, this indicates that they underwent strongly ductileshear-deformation,and they consist of all kinds of deformational rocks ofgreenschist-facies metamorphic minerals association, and all kinds of rock massesof different era, different property and different metamorphic characteristicsmingle within the complex belt, they are enclosed by many faults around them andtouch structurally each other. Rock masses include ultramafic rocks, metamorphicgabbros, metamorphic mafic lavas, siliceous rocks, marbles, blueschists,amphibolites and hornblende schists etc. The in-situ matrix masses mainly includegranitic mylonites, garnet-mica-quartz schists, slates and metamorphic sandstonesetc. Though these rock masses underwent multiple metamorphism anddeformation processes, and led to change the inner textures of the rock masses,there are many rock masses that preserve extently original textures. They are a suitof typical accretion-tectonic complexes according to the field occurrencecharacteristics and their inner structure-rock combination features.We investigated the structure-rock association, at the same time, we selectedrepresentative samples from the Heilongjiang complexes belt to examine andanalyse their geochemistry order to explore and discuss their occurrence setting.We use adaptive protolith discriminating diagrams to discriminate their protolithproperties, and the result shows that the protoliths of the granitic mylonites and themica-quartz schists belong to pelitic-arenaceous sedimentary rocks;According toRoser and Korsch`s(1988) provenance discriminating diagram, their protolithmainly come from granitic-igneous rocks provenance;they are considered to formin active continental margin by tectonic setting discriminating diagram of theSiO2-K2O/Na2O duality of the arenaceous rocks put forward by Bhatia andCrook(1986). Analysis results of their REE shows that they are of high∑REE(∑REE = 75-340×10-6)and a little higher LREE/HREE ratio(∑LREE/∑HREE=6.2-13.9);and are of harmonious chondrite-normalized REEpattern of alleciated right-leaned trend with negative abnormity of Eu element,their whole feature of REE pattern also indicate that they came from activecontinental margin. In addition, their MORB–normalized incompatible elementsspider diagram models resemble those of rocks constituting upper crust studied byWeaver et al(1984). Therefore, we think that the protolith of granitic mylonitesmica-quartz schists as host rocks from Heilongjiang complexes belt arepelitic-arenaceous sedimentary rocks, and are considered to form in activecontinental margin. the results of protolith discrimination of amphibolites,hornblende schists and blueschists derived from Heilongjiang complexes beltshow that majority of them are tholeiitic rocks and minority of them are alkalicrocks. The mafic rock masses from Heilongjiang complexes belt are MORB, WPBand alkalic basalts according to the tectonic setting discrimination diagrams offormation of basalts. In addition, their chondrite-normalized REE patterns havetwo kind of patterns: one is of enriched LREE, and of right-leaned trend withoutobvious abnormity, the characteristic resembles with that of ocean-island basalts;the other shows the smooth REE patterns, and one or two depleted in LREEwithout obvious abnormity, their characteristic resembles with that of MORB.Their MORB-normalized incompatible elements spider diagram models also showgenerally two type of models: one is of enriched elements contrast to MORB onthe left end of the model curves, and depleted obviously in Cr element, this showsthe features of Ocean-island basalts;the other model resembles with that ofMORB, and their analysis data show that Ta element is poor, its elementabundance is from 0.33 to 0.49μg/g, strong magnets and are of low Ta/Yb ratio(0.04-0.15), whichindicates that they are derived from a relatively strongly depleted mantle sourcesarea, and according with the features of the typical MORB. Summarizing above all,we make sure that the mafic rock masses formed originally in Mid-Ocean Ridge orOcean islands, and are typical ocean crust matters. They resulted from thewestwards amalgamation of Jiamusi terrane, and underwent the dying out andsubduction process of the ocean crust.We selected seven blueschists and amphibolites samples from Heilongjiangcomplexes belt to date them by SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating, and the datingresults showed 185-220Ma, 250-270Ma and 450-500Ma three ranges. Accordingto the inner texture and trace elements features of the dating zircons, the zircons ofrange from 185Ma to 220Ma and range from 250Ma to 270Ma show the featuresof magmatic zircon, we considered them to represent the formation ages of therocks constituting the Heilongjiang complexes belt. However, the zircons of rangefrom 450Ma to 500Ma are metamorphic zircons or captured sedimentary detritalzircons, and their ages accord with the age of granulite metamorphic facies eventin the interior of Jiamusi terrane, so we think that they are inherited zircons fromJiamusi terrane.
　　Besides, we primarily built the tectonic evolution stages of thewestwards subduction and amalgamation of Jiamusi terrane resulting in formingthe Heilongjiang complexes.By the field geological investigation, the researches of geological features onHeilongjiang complexes belt, and the geochemistry analysis and chronologystudies on the representative rocks samples, we obtained presently followingcognitions(conclusions):1. based on the field geological evidence, geochemical characteristics andgeochronological data of Heilongjiang complexes belt, we think that Heilongjiangcomplexes belt is of the characteristics of the typical accretional complexes beltand resulted from the subduction and amalgamation of Jiamusi terrane, andrepresents the tectonic suture belt between Jiamusi terrane and Songnen terrane.2. The protolith ages of the rocks constituting the Heilongjiang complexesbelt are 185Ma-255Ma, so we think that the formation ages of Heilongjiangcomplexes belt is younger than 185Ma and may form later than late Indosinian toearly Jurassic.3. The protolith of host rocks in the Heilongjiang complexes belt arepelitic-arenaceous sedimentary rocks, and are considered to form in activecontinental margin setting;However, the protolith of the mafic rocks massesimmingled in Heilongjiang complexes belt belong to tholeiitic basalts, and most ofthem are considered to form originally in ocean tectonic http://www.chinamagnets.biz/ setting, minority of themformed within plate setting.4. The Heilongjiang complexex belt formed during the subduction andaccretion of Jiamusi terrane towards Songnen terrane, and is the suture beltbetween Jiamusi terrane and Songnen terrane.5. The geochronological data indicate that the subduction and amalgalmationprocess between Jiamusi terrane and Songnen terrane began at later than 185Ma, itis later obviously than the time of orogenic event of the MidAsia-XingMengorogenic belt. As a result, the result challenges the idea that Jiamusi terranebelongs to the MidAsia-XingMeng orogenic belt, and this new viewpoint willprovide an important clue to discuss the tectonic attribute of NorthEast China andthe closure history of the paleo-asian ocean in NorthEast China.

Study on Structure and Cracking Activity of Lanthanon Modification of Inner Mongolia Hard Kaolin of Coal Measures

Study on Structure and Cracking Activity of Lanthanon Modification of Inner Mongolia Hard Kaolin of Coal Measures
　　In the developing history of oil’s catalyzing and cracking, Kaolin keeps playing an increasingly important function. Today, Kaolin becomes the important material of all kinds of cracking catalyst. In order to directly use Kaolin as FCC catalyst in industry, a lot of studies were done, most of which focused on Kaolin of non-coal measures of Inner Mongolia. And there were few studies about Kaolin of coal measures of Inner Mongolia. Adding lanthanon can make Kaolin of coal measures of Inner Mongolia more stable and carbon less as well as give it a more ideal acid distribution and catalyzing effect, which makes it a necessary process. However, lanthanon process is mainly for stability and carbon. Acid distribution takes the most important role in cracking. Therefore, by combining these two methods to make up for each other, a best result can be achieved.First, lanthanon was added to rare earth magnets original Kaolin of coal measures of Inner Mongolia and acid treated Kaolin. Then, a series of Kaolin samples were made by different acid treaded period (0~2.5 hours) and lanthanon content (0.99%, 1.96%, 2.91%, 3.85%, 4.76%, 5.7%). Before and after the treatment, BET pore volume, surface area and pore distribution were tested by BET method. And pyridine-TPD and cracking activity were also tested. The difference of structure and cracking catalyzing capability were discussed.The experiments show that lanthanon treatment enlarges original kaolin’s pore distribution and pore diameter but decreases its adsorption pore volume.
　　For acid treated Kaolin, adding lanthanon makes bad influence on pore volume and surface area. Adding lanthanon to original kaolin increases original kaolin’s absorption of pyridine, while adding lanthanon to acid treated kaolin decreases its absorption of pyridine. The longer the time of acid treatment, the better surface absorption of pyridine for Kaolin. By increasing the rare earth magnets content of lanthanon to acid treated Kaolin, weak sites disappear completely, and strong sites’and medium sites’pyridine desorption temperature declines and pyridine absorption is weakened. Acid treated Kaolin, with and without adding lanthanon, is better for diesel oil transformation than original Kaolin of coal measures of Inner Mongolia. Adding lanthanon makes carbon less and desulphurization better.By analyzing the experiment data, some other conclusions also can be generated. During the process of cracking catalyzing, Acid treated Kaolin with lanthanon’s strong sites are to decrease carbon and to desulphurize, while it gives bad influence on gasoline output. Medium sites are the main factor in increasing http://www.chinamagnets.biz/ diesel oil transformation and gasoline selectivity.Acid treated for 2.5 hours with less than 0.99% lanthanon gives Kaolin of coal measures of Inner Mongolia a good cracking catalyzing activity, effectively reduces the content of sulfur and carbon as well as extends its life-span which enables Kaolin as the catalyst in the industrial FCC process. 更多还原

基于稀土换能器的混凝土厚度检测技术研究

基于稀土换能器的混凝土厚度检测技术研究
　　It’s always difficult to measure the thickness of the large volume concrete in the bridge test. At present, there are some methods to test the thickness of the concrete, such as digging a pit, drilling a hole and sampling, testing the echo of the shock wave, detecting the terra radar and reflecting the ultrasonic. The first and the second methods belong to the damaged test, and the others are undamaged test. These methods are mainly used to test the thickness of the road concrete, but can’t be used to test the thickness of the large volume concrete, because the low power and the long aftershock of the energy exchanging instrument used in the test.This paper analyses the different characters of the vertical wave, the transverse wave and the surface wave, summarize the spreading rule of the ultrasonic with different incidence. It also summarizes the advantages of these testing methods of ultrasonic. We Ring neodymium magnet tested the thickness of the concrete both in the laboratory and the bridge using the rare-earth and over-magnetism energy exchanging instrument. The result indicates that the rare-earth energy exchanging instrument our developed has the character of high power and short aftershock. It is fit for the thickness test of the large volume concrete.Aiming at the question of start reflecting point determination, by analyzing the different spreading path and the speed of the transverse wave, vertical wave and the reflecting vertical wave in the ultrasonic , a slope distinguish method is put forward to resolve this difficulty.Besides, aiming at the sensitivity to the frequency break in the small wave http://www.chinamagnets.biz/ analytical method, the shape of the reflecting wave is analyzed. Through choosing the appropriate basic small wave function and the appropriate scale and time-shift gene, and using the opposite character of the max small wave coefficient and the starting point of the instantaneous wave, it can test the arriving time of the echo in the concrete bottom.Ring neodymium magnet  Therefore, the paper solves the problem of the thickness test in the large volume concrete using diversified data dealing method and the rare-earth and over-magnetism energy exchanging instrument which has broad band. It can provides the reliable ultrasonic data and thickness data for the bridge undamaged test and its health test. It also applies for the large volume concrete test in the tunnel and the large dam, and has important meaning in improving the test level of the large volume concrete in our country. 更多还原

The RE Catalysis Effect on Corrosion Resistance Gas Nitriding of Low Carbon Steel

The RE Catalysis Effect on Corrosion Resistance Gas Nitriding of Low Carbon Steel
　　Production of RE elements on corrosion resistance Nitriding and organization structure ingredient mechanical property and corrosion resistance on the nitriding case was studied by Orthogonal Testing design , advantage, regulation of nitriding layers effected by nitriding production ,compared RE-nitriding layers with conventional nitriding layers ; production of composite Corrosion Resistance Nitriding of Low Carbon Steel was tentative studied.The experimental results obtained have shown that: velocity of Nitriding was obviously increased , with addition of RE during Nitriding. Bonding force of nitriding layers and matrix was greatly improved comparing with conventional Cylinder neodymium magnet nitriding layers, corrosion resistance was increased ,the time of corrosion in salt spray corrosion up to 242 hours, microhardness of nitriding layers remarkable improved . corrosion potential of RE-nitriding layers decrease with increase of temperature and [CP] ; this exhibits corrosion resistance of RE-nitriding layers decrease with increase of temperature and [Cl~-] ; corrosion potential of RE-nitriding layers remove to cathode in the acidity NaCl solution comparing with neutrality and alkaline solution. This showed corrosion resistance of RE-nitriding layers was preferable in the neutrality and alkaline environment ; EIS displays that RE-nitriding layers remove with time in the NaCl solution, corrosion was controlled by electrochemistry process and then by diffusion process, and firstly the speed relief then acceleration,Cylinder neodymium magnet  which according with Tafel curve. The best RE-nitriding processes of Q235 is 600℃×2.5h decomposition rate of Ammonia: 50 % the extent of RE: 30d/min . The result of Q235 of RE-nitriding showed composite nitriding was propitious to increase corrosion resistance.

Extraction of Eu and Y from Sichuan Maoniuping Rare-Earth Ore and Utilization

Extraction of Eu and Y from Sichuan Maoniuping Rare-Earth Ore and Utilization
　　Following the Separation-Preparation Integration, this thesis works on the extraction and high performance utilization from Maoniuping rare-earth ore. Cyanex 301 was selected as extractant to extract rare-earth elements Eu(III) and Y(III) and other metal elements Ag, Cd and Zn in hydrochloric acid system. Some nanosized powders have been prepared with the load organic phase.1. Geochemical characteristics of Maoniuping rare-earth deposit were analyzed. 2. Cube neodymium magnet Extraction of Eu(III) and Y(III) of the ore using Cyanex 301 was investigated for the first time.
　　The effect of acidity and metal concentration was discussed. In the case, the optimum percentage extraction value of 96.43% was achieved at equilibrium pH 2.5 for Eu(III) and that of 74.3% at equilibrium pH 2.6 for Y(III), respectively, with extractant and metal concentration ratio of 20:1. The extraction mechanism is proposed based on slope analysis.3. Some nanosized powders have been prepared with the load organic phase by thermal decomposition process, solvothermal synthesis, gas-liqiud synthetic approach and so on. The sizes of CdS nanocrystals synthesized via thermal decomposition are tunable by varying the reaction temperature and time. The extractant Cyanex 301 Cube neodymium magnet plays several functions in the whole procedure: to be as the extractant for metal ions, the sulfur source for producing metal sulfides and the surfactant for the nanocrystals.4. Comparison with traditional process, this method this method shortens the techniques process, avoids the amount of acid contamination and achieves the high performance utilization.

Studies on Luminescent Nano-particles of Tungstates Doped with Rare Earth Ions Applied to Label

Studies on Luminescent Nano-particles of Tungstates Doped with Rare Earth Ions Applied to Label
　　In the field of biochemistry, the technique of labeling and detecting the biological molecule has always drawn much attention. As a new kind of tagging probe, nano-particles, owing to their many peculiar properties and their great high technology applied prospect, can settle the Special shape NdFeB magnets problems of present labels effectively.With the development of nano-materials, preparation technology has made a great progress. Hydrothermal synthesis is one of important methods, because of its advantages, such as high purity and good crystallization of product. Meanwhile, this method also has some disadvantages, so solvothermal synthesis method emerged as require. In this paper, a hydrothermal/solvothermal pathway has been applied to synthesize luminescent nano-particles doped with rare earth ions, and the effects of a series of preparation conditions on luminescence were discussed respectively. This thesis is divided into six chapters.In the first chapter, one brief introduction about the luminescent label and the long afterglow material was given, as well as the basis and signification of this thesis.In the second chapter, solvothermal synthesis of crystalline CaWO4 nano-sized powder was discussed. The Special shape NdFeB magnets  nanoparticles have perfect crystallization and grain size. Furthermore, nanoparticles with different diameters can be obtained by changing organic additives.In the third chapter, hydrothermal synthesis of CaWO4:Eu afterglow was studied. Some optimized conditions were found out: sintering temperature at 800℃, sintering time for 2h, and the doped concentration of Eu 0.1mol%0.2mol%. The phosphor powder has well luminescence and small size, without grinding. These works make a solid foundation for further research.In the fourth chapter, the characteristics of CaWO4:Eu nanoparticles, prepared by solvothermal synthesis method, were systematically discussed. A series of preparation condition with solvothermal method were studied, especially the diameter of particles. Polyethylene glycol 2000 (PEG-2000) was used as organic additive in the experiment. 更多还原

Reaserch on the Electrode Process of Degradation Phenol on Re/SnO2 Electrode by Electrochemical Methode

Reaserch on the Electrode Process of Degradation Phenol on Re/SnO2 Electrode by Electrochemical Methode
　　It is diffult to degrade the organic pollutant because of lacking effective methods. This problem is a difficuty in water treatment domain and it is effecting the environment that human live in. Human regard the technology of electrochemical oxidation as one of the most important technologies more and more, because of its excellent degeneration capability to organic pollutant.But the reaserch on the reaction mechanism of pollutant degeneration is not enough.It limits the electrocatalysis oxidation technology development. In this paper, experimental study of the influences of rare earth doping on the characteristics of SnO2 catalytic electrodes was carried out . The reaction mechanism of phenol degeneration has been analysised with the method of cyclic voltammetry、polarization curve、situ AC impedance measurements.
　　The main research content is as follows:This experiment used the electrochemical means to reaserch the different rare earth doping on SnO2 electrode.Segment neodymium magnets The result showed the rare earth doping content had a best value: Dy:Sn, 1:200、Nd:Sn, 1:200、Eu:Sn, 1:50、Gd:Sn, 1:50. Reaserch had confirmed beforehand research conclusion of the laboratory by the electrochemical angle. The rare earth doping on SnO2 electrode was studied with the methodes of cyclic voltammetry、the polarization curve method and situ AC impedance measurements. Meanwhile the electrocatalysis performance of electrode tested by the methode of electrochemistry accord to the capability to degrade phenol of electrode: Nd-SnO2 electrode〉Dy-SnO2 electrode〉Gd-SnO2 electrode〉Eu-SnO2 electrode〉SnO2 electrode.The results of cyclic voltammetry and Tafel showed phenol degeneration on rare earch doping on SnO2 electrode were controlled by proliferation, D0=1.07×10-4cm2/s, and reaction on the surface of electrode was irreversible. The reaction accorded to the first level Segment neodymium magnets dynamic equation, k=0.0212s-1. The result showed·OH was important in phenol degeneration and analysis the reaction mechanism of phenol degeneration. Firstly phenol adsorbed on electrode surface, then turned to hydroquinone and catechol, hydroquinone and catechol were oxidated to benzoquinones, and benzoquinones was oxidated to simple orgnic

A Proteome Analysis of Rare Earths’ Bioeffect

A Proteome Analysis of Rare Earths’ Bioeffect
　　Proteomics, a new-arising field, studying the dynamic expression of whole cellular proteins and their interactions, is an important portion of functional genomics and has been widely applied in various fields of life science regarding microorganisms, animals http://www.999magnet.com/ and plants.Rare earth elements, also called lanthanides, are 15 kinds of metals with similar properties. Showing a broad spectrum of applications in industry, agriculture and medicine, their bioeffects are imperative to be investigated. Biological nitrogen fixation provides all the plants on the globe with 75% of fixed nitrogen.
　　Rhizobia, an important group of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, own plenty of advantages in biological science, such as simple genome structure and short culture period. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a kind of yeasts most close to human beings, not only due to its Magnetic lifter application in the food and beverage industry but also as a key model eukaryote organism in modern molecular biology and cell biology, just as the key model organism E. coli in prokaryotes. Proteomic approaches including high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and bioinformatics technique were used in this presentation to investigate the response of Sinorhizobium fredii USDA205 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae YM4271 to a kind of lanthanides, gadolinium.22 differently expressed proteins of Magnetic lifter Sinorhizobium fredii USDA205 in the absence/presence of gadolinium were subjected to MALDI-TOF MS and identified by searching in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database. Among the 22 proteins, 9 proteins were remarkably up-regulated while 13 ones were significantly down-regulated. These proteins were classified into 8 functional categories including transporters, proteins for cellular defense, proteins involved in metabolism, and some proteins with unknown functions. Membrane proteins took a

Rare-Earth Solid Super Acid Catalyst for Friedel-Crafts Acylation of Ferrocene

Rare-Earth Solid Super Acid Catalyst for Friedel-Crafts Acylation of Ferrocene
　　Friedel-Crafts acylation is the basic way to synthesize acylferrocene. The conventional catalysts are Lewis acid (AlCl3,FeCl3,TiCl4,BF3 ,etc) and proton acid (HF,H2SO4,HCl), but these catalysts have many disadvantages, such as bad selectivity、 more side reaction、 low yield、 strong corrosion、difficulty in separation and recovery、 serious environment pollution etc. Considerable efforts are being made to find recyclable and environment-friendly catalysts for Friedel-Crafts type acylation reactions. We prepared several kinds of solid acids—SO42-/ZrO2 Alnico magnets and bentonite supported rare earth acids, and singled two out signed YbN and BLa as the best for Friedel-Crafts acyaltion of ferrocene.
　　The optimum reaction conditions were also explored. YbN and BLa were characterized by IR spectra, XRD, TDA-TG, specific surface area and SEM.It indicated that two catalysts mentioned above had fair high catalytic activity when they http://www.999magnet.com/ were used into Friedel-Crafts acylation .Taken the reaction of ferrocene with heptanoyl chloride as reactants, the influential factors of reaction were investigated. 0.5g ferrocene and 30ml ethylene chloride were heated at 100℃ . When catalyst YbN was used, the appropriate conditions were as follows: catalyst 0.2g , n(ferrocene) : n(acylating agent)= 1 : 2, raction time 5h, the yield of heptanoyl ferrocene was about 75.5%; the best conditions using Alnico magnets catalyst BLa were as follows: catalyst 0.2g, n(ferrocene) : n(acylating agent)= 1 : 2, raction time 4h, the yield of heptanoyl ferrocene was about 71.0%. 更多还原

The Synthesis and Catalysis Research of Non-Cp Rare Earth Metal Complexes

The Synthesis and Catalysis Research of Non-Cp Rare Earth Metal Complexes

The denifition of the rare earth is that the fourteen elements of the upper row on the inner-transition metals on the periodic table that follow the element lanthanum. Some reference sources include lanthanum in this series others do not. For all of these elements the filling orbital is 4f. This series is a sub-series of the transition metals.Rare Earth has been widely used in electronic, petrochemical, metallurgy, machinery, energy, light industry, environmental protection, agriculture, and other fields. Application of Rare Earth to produce fluorescent materials, rare earth metal hydride battery materials, electric light materials, permanent magnet materials, hydrogen storage materials, catalytic materials, precision ceramic materials,laser materials, superconducting materials, magnetostrictive material, magnetic refrigeration materials, magneto-optical storage materials, optical fiber materials.Rare Earth has Alnico magnets become the new generation catalysts for olefins polymerization after the Ziegler-Natta catalyst.Chromium-based catalysts played a significant role in coordination polymerization of olefins. The chromium catalytic systems have been largely ignored in the development of the homogeneous methylalumoxane (MAO)-activated systems that have attracted so much attention in the past decade. It is attributed to the difficulty of studying the chemistry of Cr (III) as a result of its paramagnetic nature. Recently, some of the most significant advances in rare earth metal catalyst systems have been made using precatalysts that bear an additional neutral donor, either bridged or unbridged to the Cp unit. Jolly et al. reported that half-sandwich type chromium complexes showed good activity for the polymerization of ethylene to give the polyethylene with narrow molecular weight distributions and high molecular weight. Ender et al. described cyclopentadienylchromium(III) complexes functionalized by quinoline or N, N-dimethylaniline for the polymerization of ethylene. These results revealed that nitrogen donor ligand-substituted cyclopentadienylchromium compounds could effectively catalyze the polymerizations of the olefins. However, the reports concerning oxygen donor ligand-substituted cyclopentadienyl chromium compounds are scarce.In this dissertation, a series of rare earth metal alkyl complexes based on multi -dentate N, P, O-heteroatoms containing ligands have been synthesized via alkyl el -imination. The molecular structures of the complexes are characterized by IR, NM -R spectrum and X-ray diffraction analysis. The activities of these complexes as ca -talysts for ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide have been investigated. Conclusions are summarized as follows:1) three non-Cp ligand containing N\P heteroatoms have successfully been synthesized,and the reaction possibility of these ligands with rare earth metal tri(alkyl)complexes were investigated.A new rare earth Alnico magnets metal bis(alkyl)complex has been obtained via protonolysis reaction between rare earth metal tris(alkyl)s and the corresponding ligand. To our initial disappointment, that arylimino-substituted bis(amino)cyclodiphosphazanes chelate lutetium as amino(imino)ph-osphoranates and not as diamides. Ligand HL4 is apparently predisposed to side-on coordination,due to theπ-delocalization in N-P-N moiety on chelation.2) The polymerization of lactide was carried out with the new rare-earth-metal bis(alkyl) complex 3 The effects of polymerization conditions on catalytic activity was investigated, such as the ratio of monomer to catalyst and the polymerization solvents etc. the complete conversion of the monomer into polylactide (PLA) were achieved within 1 h at 20℃. The molecular weight of the resultant PLA was close to the theoretic value with narrow molecular weight distribution.However, when the polymerization was carried out in CH2Cl2,the complete conversion of the monomer into polylactide was difficult in a long run.3)Treatment of HL5 with 1 equiv. of Ln(CH2SiMe3)3(THF)2 indeed afforded mono-alkyl bis-ligand complexes (L5)2Ln(CH2SiMe3) (4: Ln=Y,5: Ln = Lu)without alkyl migration and the formation of homoleptic counterpart. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed Complexes 4 and 5 were isostructural mono-alkyls of solvent-free stabilized by two b-ketoiminato ligands in P,N,O-tridentatemodes.4) The polymerization of the Latice were Alnico magnets carried out with the complexes. catalytic activity of the complexes for the ring-opening polymerization(ROP) of L-lactide (L-LA) under mild conditions were higher active in toluene and THF. Complete conversions of the monomer into polylactide (PLA) were achieved within 1 h at 20℃The molecular weight of the resultant PLA was close to the theoretic value with narrow molecular weight distribution. 更多还原

Synthesis and Characterization of Core@ Shell Trichromatic Phosphors Using Submicron SiO2 Particle as Core

Synthesis and Characterization of Core@ Shell Trichromatic Phosphors Using Submicron SiO2 Particle as Core
　　In nowdays,rare-earth luminescence material is still one of the most important optoelectronic functional materials.It is important to develop core@shell rare-earth phosphors with low cost and high performance so that to improve the utlization efficency of rare-earth resource in our nation.In this thesis,the principle and development of rare-earth phosphors were reviewed,and the design idea of core@shell structure was proposed to develop rare-earth phosphors including the SiO2@SrTiO3:Pr,blue SiO2@CaWO4 and green SiO2@LaF3:Ce,Tb trichromatic luminescent materials.Above mentioned core-shell structures phosphors were synthesized by Pechini sol-gel method using mono-dispersive SiO2 microspheres as cores.The particle sizes,morphologies, component of shells and phases of as-prepared phosphors were investigated with XRD,FE-SEM,EDS,TEM,FT-IR,PL measurement,etc.The luminescent properties of rare reath ions(Pr3+,Tb3+)and energy transfer properties from Ce3+to Tb3+in core-shell structure luminescent materials were analyzed.The relationships among preparation techniques,composition and structure of shells,structures of shells and cores,and luminescent properties of these phosphors were discussed.The optimal synthetic conditions of core-shell phosphors were obtained Neodymium Magnets according to the relations of luminescent intensities,heat-treatment temperature,coating times and the PEG concentrations in the precursor.Spherical SiO2 particles were coated with SrTiO3:Pr phospher as shell layer by Pechini sol-gel method.The FE-SEM and TEM results indicated that SrTiO3:Pr can be coated on SiO2 surfaces using this technique,and the core-shell structured phosphor particles are uniform and maintain the mono-dispersive morphology of initial SiO2 core.The thickness of shell layer increased with increased coating cycles.
　　The PL results showed that the core-shell phosphor emits red light originated from the 1D2→3H4 transition of Pr3+ion with a maximum peak at 615 nm.Core-shell structured SiO2@CaWO4 phosphor was synthesized by coating mono-dispersive SiO2 microspheres with CaWO4 phosphor as shell layer by Pechini sol-gel method.The FE-SEM and TEM results showed that particles with core-shell structure have smooth surface,high dispersion state,spherical shape and narrow size distribution with an average size of about 300 nm.PL results showed that the phosphor emits a strong blue emission band that was suggested to be originated from the characterestic luminescence of WO42-as independent luminescent centers.LaF3:Ce3+,Tb3+phosphor layer has been deposited successfully on mono-dispersed and spherical SiO2 microspheres by Pechini sol-gel method.The FE-SEM results showed the core-shell structured phosphor maintains the morphology of SiO2 with spherical Neodymium Magnets  shape and smooth surface with an average particle size of about 310 nm,nevertheless obvious aggregation occurs in this system.The XRD and EDS results indicated that SiO2@LaF3:Ce,Tb phosphors with core-shell structure were successfully synthesized.PL measurements indicated that under the excitation of 330 nm,four emission peaks occurred at 492 nm,544 nm,586 nm and 612 nm for SiO2@LaF3:Ce,Tb products,where these peaks were ascribed to the Tb3+5D4→7FJ (J=6,5,4,3)transitions.The emission peak with greatest intensity is at 544 nm, which is characteristic of green light emission in the core-shell particles.Therefore,red emitted SiO2@SrTiO3:Pr,blue emitted SiO2@CaWO4 and green emitted SiO2@LaF3:Ce,Tb trichromatic luminescent phosphors with spherical shape, whose sizes could be tuned according to the size of core-shell particles,could be successfully synthesized using low-cost SiO2 as core materials.It was also found that the photo-luminescent intensity of phosphors prepared by Neodymium Magnets  coating methods was not as good as that of phosphors prepared by solid state method,and it may be improved by controlling the core-shell particle sizes and synthetic techniques,etc. 更多还原

纳米稀土羧酸8-羟基喹啉三元配合物的合成、表征及其与K562白血病癌细胞作用的研究

纳米稀土羧酸8-羟基喹啉三元配合物的合成、表征及其与K562白血病癌细胞作用的研究
　　Recently, researchers have been making rapid progress in the development of various antibacterial and anticancer. Owing to less posionousness and wide antimicrobial spectrum , the newly antibacterial of rare earth complexes attracts more and more people to research . Meanwhile, research about complexes neodymium with molybdate acid or tungstic acid for anticancer attract more eyes.On the basis of the two above points, eight new solid ternary complexes of rare earth with molybdate acid and 8-Hydroxyquinoline, eight new solid ternary complexes of rare earth with tungstic acid and 8-Hydroxyquinoline were synthesized. Their composition are characterized by elemental rare earth magnets analysis , molar conductance , IR , Raman , UV-VIS . The compositions of the complexes were confirmed to be RE(MoO4)Hq·3H2O, RE(WO4)Hq·3H2O (RE=La3+,Ce3+,Pr3+,Nd3+,Sm3+,Eu3+,Er3+,Y3+). The stability of heat was proved by the data of TG-DTA .The antibacterial activities testing indicate that all these solid ternary complexes have antibacterial ability against Escherich coli, Staphy lococcus aureus ,Candida albican. Meanwhile, the antimicrobial spectrum more broad and durable quality, are good antibacterial.K562 cancer cell badgered by complexes were researched by MTT, Flow Cell Equipment, TEM. The results indicate that K562 cancer cells were withered by the complex and the ability http://www.chinamagnets.biz/ was changed with the concentration of complexes, time and cell. 更多还原

Studies on Different Concentration Hydrogel and Coupling with Foreign Substances

Studies on Different Concentration Hydrogel and Coupling with Foreign Substances
　　In arid and semi-arid areas, the development of forestry can only rely on natural rainfall, water is the key factor of affecting the survival rate of afforestation and forest Growth restrictions.According to such a low survival rate of afforestation areas and inadequate supply of water in arid and semi-arid areas,the paper studied the growth of seedling and the Improvement of soil conditions in different treatment through using different concentrations of Hydrogel and other things in embedding and bubbling root,it provide a theoretical basis in using Hydrogel and foreign substances to improve water use efficiency of trees, the survival rate and preservation rate, thereby improving the construction plantations In such areas.This paper discussed the application Hydrogel and foreign substances of Alnico magnets promoting the growth of seedlings through Planting the locust and walnut seedlings to observing two different ways of handling the growth of saplings, physiological and physical and chemical properties of soil and other indicators on May to September in 2007.The results show that After the source material with seedling growth better than the untreated control seedling. In field tests in reforestation, locust and walnut growth better in the height in A1(Hydrogel/0.1‰+ IBA/30ppm+ NAA/30ppm+ Alnico magnets GA/30ppm+RE/20mg/l) and A2(Hydrogel/0.5‰+ IBA/50ppm+ NAA/50ppm+ GA/50ppm+RE/50mg/l),and growth better in the diameter in A3(Hydrogel /1.5‰+ IBA/80ppm+ NAA/80ppm+ GA/80ppm+RE/80mg/l)and A2(Hydrogel/0.5‰+ IBA/50ppm+ NAA/50ppm+ GA/50ppm+RE/50mg/l).In Greenhouse simulation test, locust and walnut growth better in the height in B3(Hydrogel/15g+Fulvic Acid/1.5g+Urea/1.2g+DAP/0.9g+SSP/0.6g+ Potassium Sulphate /0.6g+RE/1.5g )、C3 ( Hydrogel/7.5g+ http://www.999magnet.com/ Fulvic Acid/1.5g+ NAA/0.4g+ IAA/0.15g+ IBA/0.3g+RE/0.6g+GA/0.3g)and B4、C3,and growth better in the diameter in B4、C3 and B4、C3. Leaf area is growthing better in B4 and C3 of two Seedlings.
　　It demonstrated that using application of appropriate Hydrogel and foreign substances can effectively promote the growth of seedlings.As using Hydrogel and foreign substances,it changed the soil of the water supply, making seedlings photosynthesis and leaf water potential on the curve relatively relaxed, thereby it improved the efficiency of water use and water productivity. Locust and Walnut had transpiration rate higher and stomatal resistance smaller in B4、C4 and B4、C3. Water consumption of the seedlings in growing season is relatively high in B4 and C3 with the two ways. the seedling with Application of Hydrogel and foreign substances survive longer than the contrast seedlings. Seedlings in B4 and C3 survived to 39 days and 42 days.Hydrogel and foreign substances affect little the http://www.999magnet.com/ soil PH value,it not to fundamentally change the soil salinization of the soil,and can significantly increase the total N content and soil organic matter content. Soil water makes the most reasonable way in B3、B4 and C3. 更多还原

Study on Plasma Nitriding by the RE Catalysis of 42CrMo Steel

Study on Plasma Nitriding by the RE Catalysis of 42CrMo Steel
　　In this paper, I studies the preparation and process. The production of RE alkoxides uses the principle of exothermic reaction occurred with compounds in the catalyst. It is made of outsourcing of anhydrous chloride (LaCl3, CeCl3) and self-made methanol sodium in the benzene catelysting with RE’s lively nature of chemical.The 42CrMo steel RE (rare earth chloride and rare-earth alkoxides) reminders seepage - nitride layer with ustrition of plasma nitriding facility. In different RE(chloride solution of ethanol were: 0.1g/l, 0.4g/l, 0.6g/l, 0.8g/l, 1.2g/l) with the same time (seven hours), the same temperature (520℃) studies the RE catalysis. However,considering the negative factors Alnico magnets on the steel base and layer with the chlorine elements in RE chloride. At the same time RE alkoxides altered RE chloride in different RE(ethanol alcohol salt solution were: 0.5g/l, 1g/l, 1.5g/l, 2g/l) with the same time (seven hours), the same temperature (520℃).It improves nitride speed and layer thickness in plasma nitriding by the RE catalysis with the same time (seven hours), the same temperature (520℃) comparing the no-RE plasma nitriding in the same conditions. The addition of RE elements played a http://www.999magnet.com/ alloying role, explores the characteristics and advantages of the plasma nitriding by the RE catalysis, reveals the impact of the nitride layer with the fact of plasma nitriding. 更多还原

快淬NdFeB稀土永磁粉制备及其性能研究

快淬NdFeB稀土永磁粉制备及其性能研究
　　Because of its excellent magnetic properties, NdFeB permanent magnets have been widely used in many fields such as computer, car, audiovisual,et al. In this essay, NdFeB rare-earth permanent powder was prepared by melt-quenching method in an effort to improve the magnetic properties of NdFeB rare-earth permanent powder. The effects of quenching velocity, annealing temperature, annealing time and alloy compositions on NdFeB rare-earth permanent powder micro-structure and magnetic properties were explored systematically. The main results are as following.The quenching velocity plays an important role in NdFeB rare-earth permanent powder micro-structure Magnetic lifter and magnetic properties. The magnetic performances of NdFeB rare-earth permanent powder become bad at too high or too low quenching velocity. At lower annealing temperature and short time, NdFeB rare-earth permanent powder can not be completely crystallized which results in lower magnetic properties. However, at higher annealing temperature and time, the grain sizes of NdFeB rare-earth permanent powder is too larger which can also resulting in lower magnetic properties.The results of the effects of alloy compositions show that the diffraction peak ofα-Fe phase becomes weak with the increase of Nd content at a range of 9at%～12at%. The remanence, coercivity and maximal magnetic energy product increase with the increase of Nd content, and then maximal magnetic energy product reaches its maximum at Nd content of 10.5at%. However, with the farther increase of Nd content, the magnetic properties of the samples decrease gradually. With the increase of B content, the properties of the samples increase and reach to a maximum Magnetic lifter at B content of 6.2at%, then decrease with farther increase B content. The content of Co has no obvious affects on the magnetic performances of NdFeB rare-earth permanent powder. The addition of Zr can restrain the growth of grain size of the samples which can result in small grain size. And the http://www.999magnet.com/ addition of Zr can also improve the coercivity of samples by pinning the movement of magnetic domain wall. Moreover, the layer by layer structure of alloy ingot presents at condition of the addition of Zr which is favor to the crash of alloy ingots. However, the remanence of the samples decreases with the addition of non-magnetic element Zr.The optimized preparing parameters are 22m/s of quenching velocity,700℃of annealing temperature and 15min of annealing time. The optimized alloy compositions are Nd10.5Fe75.3Co6Zr2B6.2 and Nd10.5(FeZr)83.3B6.2. The optimized magnetic properties of magnetic powders are 0.889T of Br,1020kA/m of Hcj,107.9kJ/m3 of (BH)max. 更多还原

The Research on MGIS of Rare-Earth Mine in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province

The Research on MGIS of Rare-Earth Mine in Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province
　　Ganzhou, in Jiangxi Province, is rich in minerals and it deposits a lot of the rare-earth mine. However, because of illegal mine exploitation, emission of liquid and tailings pollution and Geological disasters happen frequently. Simultaneously, there are many serious problems in the mine development and management, as well as the information exchange, for example, lacking monitoring in the mine development, the underdeveloped informationization in mine exploitation, the low efficiency of mass data management, etc.RS and GIS as new technologies provide approach for monitoring the situation of mining and pollution, which enhance our mine management capability remarkably. Neodymium Magnets The research used ArcGIS as GIS based-platform and developed the MGIS which based on ArcGIS Engine component by using C# language of Microsoft .net platform. It managed all of the spatial data through ArcSDE which is associated with SQL Server. To help users know the mine better, the author built an independent 3D scene module which used high-resolution satellite images of focus region. This module was refactored from the NASA World Wind which is an open source virtual reality system. The author put forward the data organization pattern in terms of mapsheet which optimized the data storage and accelerated the data query. The author designed the user interface in the Windows XP style by using Developer Express, so that the user interface represented more friendly and conveniently. In this paper, the author introduced and analyzed the data of the rare-earth mine in Ganzhou, Jiangxi province, and then expatiated on the database design and the function design according to user requirement and the http://www.999magnet.com/ characteristic of data. In the end, coding and testing for the MGIS was discussed.It makes the management of discrete data more perfect, the browsing of map more intuitionistic, the updating of information more convenience, that the mine spatial database involved all of the vector and raster data, as well as the development and the implement of the mine information system. It is also the efficient complement in the mine monitoring and the result of the combination of the GIS and RS. TheMGIS provides us Neodymium Magnets with the rational management for the investigation and monitoring data, the application analysis in decision-making, as well as the data sharing. It enables people to know the mine developing situation. It offers the government and other related department the management platform of the mine information and basic data. It also improves the value and potential of the remote sensing investigation of the mineral resources development. 更多还原

Research on the Phase Equilibria of the Binary Systems Involving Rare Earth Halides (PrCl3, SmCl3, YbCl3, LaI3) with the Alkali Halides and Alkali Earth Halides

Research on the Phase Equilibria of the Binary Systems Involving Rare Earth Halides (PrCl3, SmCl3, YbCl3, LaI3) with the Alkali Halides and Alkali Earth Halides
　　Phase Diagram Study is an important branch in Physical Chemistry and in Applied Materials Science. The main study of the phase diagram is the relationships among the components, the phases of matter system and the outside conditions around the system in equilibria state or quasi - equilibria state. Once the phase diagram is obtained, the relationships among the matter’s components, structure and properties can be easily got, which is just the place where Phase Diagram magnet lifter Study shows very important meaning. With the development of science, CALPHAD (Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry) approach is becoming a very important theory and technology for Phase Diagram Study.The optimization and calculation of the binary systems (SmCl3-MCl (M= Na, K, Rb, Cs); LaI3-MI (M=Na, K, Cs); YbCl3-AECl2 (AE= Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba); PrCl3-CaCl2) were carried out by using the CALPHAD technique. According to the characters of stronger interactivities of the rare earth halide systems, the modified quasichemical model in the pair-approximation for short-range ordering was properly used as a basic theory to optimize and calculate this kind of phase diagrams by rational analysis. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters was obtained. The http://www.999magnet.com/ calculated phase diagrams and experimental phase diagrams agree with each other very well. Due to the calculation, the enthalpies of mixing in these systems (SmCl3-MCl (M= Na, K, Rb, Cs), LaI3-MI (M=Na, K, Cs)) were predicted in this work. Further discussion about the calculated and experimental enthalpy of mixing in the systems was undertaken: the enthalpy of mixing decreases with the increasing of the radius of alkali metal ion from Na+ to Cs+; moreover, the broad minimum values of the interactive coefficients were found at the 25% mole fraction of rare earths halides, which 更多还原